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Description
The DGMK 742 project is a joint industry initiative that develops advanced technologies to enhance confidence in the predictive capabilities of reservoir simulation models. The DGMK 742 project has been running for the past 8 years in two phases: Phase I (DGMK 742-1) ran from August 2011 to July 2014, and Phase II (DGMK 742-2) ran from May 2016 to April 2019. The aim of this project is to develop advanced techniques for calibrating reservoir simulation models to available observed data using the adjoint method. Additionally, algorithms and workflows are being developed over the course of this project to improve reservoir characterization in reservoir simulation models using the adjoint method for history matching.
In Phase I, an integrated workflow utilizing state-of-the-art optimization techniques in combination with the adjoint method for history matching was developed. The developed history matching workflow based on the adjoint method was evaluated using numerous reservoir simulation models varying in reservoir heterogeneity complexity, number of wells, and reservoir physics. Positive feedback received from the project sponsors fueled the need for a Phase II. Phase I was supported by DEA Deutsche Erdoel AG, Neptune Energy, and RAG Rohoel-Aufsuchungs Aktiengesellschaft. HOT FirmSoft Solutions FZ-LLC and SPT Group (now called Schlumberger Information Solutions AS) were our research and development partners. In Phase II, a workflow based on the adjoint method was developed to improve reservoir characterization in reservoir simulation models lacking key reservoir features. The developed workflow leveraged the power of the adjoint method to perform analytical sensitivity-based parameter modifications at the grid level, revealing hidden reservoir features such as channels, faults, and vertical communication.
Publications
- Awofodu D, Ganzer L, Almuallim H, Schellinger J. 2019. An Adjoint-based Method for Improving Reservoir Characterization during History Matching. Oil Gas European Magazine 3: OG126–OG135.
- Awofodu D, Ganzer L, Almuallim H. 2018. Revealing Hidden Reservoir Features During History Matching Using an Adjoint Method. ECMOR XVI – 16th European Conference on the Mathematics of Oil Recovery.
- Awofodu D, Ganzer L, Almuallim H. 2017. Enhancing Reservoir Understanding in Mature Fields: Adjoint-State Method Applied to a Semi-Synthetic Model. SPE Latin America and Caribbean Mature Fields Symposium (SPE-184951-MS).
- Awofodu D, Ganzer L, Almuallim H. 2016. An Evaluation of Grid-block-based Optimization Methods Applied to History Matching Workflows. Oil Gas European Magazine 4: OG201-OG206.